despite, in spite of
This expression is used when indicating that the content in the following clause is different or the opposite result of what was expected based on the action or circumstance described in the preceding clause.
1. When this expression is used immediately following a noun, the form 에도 불구하고 is used.
2. While the form 불구하고 can be omitted from this expression to leave only -(으)ㅁ에도 or 에도, the addition of 불구하고 adds emphasis to the expression's meaning.
3. This expression can be replaced with -는데도 (불구하고) with no major change in meaning. However, -는 네도 (불구하고) is used more in colloquial language while -(으)ㅁ에도 불구하고 and 에도 불구하고 are used more in written language and thus express a more formal nuance.
Expresses that something occurs despite a certain situation or condition.
This form is used in formal contexts to express that an action occurs despite certain conditions. It is often used in formal writing, essays, and official speeches.
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