관형형 -(으)ㄴ/-는/-(으)ㄹ N — that, who

This pattern is added to verbs and adjectives to allow them to function as noun modifiers. The English equivalent is 'that' or 'who'. For present tense adjectives and past tense verbs, -(으)ㄴ is added to the stem, for present tense verbs, -는 is added, and for future tense verbs, -(으)ㄹ is added. The negative forms are made by adding -지 않은 to the stem for adjectives, and -지 않는 to the stem for verbs.

Details

가방이 예뻐요. 그 가방을 사고 싶어요.

That purse is pretty. I want to buy that purse.

소파에서 사람이 자요. 그 사람이 누구예요?

There's someone sleeping on the sofa. Who is that person?

오늘 저녁에 한국 음식을 먹을 거예요. 그 음식이 뭐예요?

We'll have a Korean dish for dinner today. What's the dish?

When two or more adjectives are used in succession, only the final adjective is conjugated to a noun modifier form.

착해요. 그리고 예뻐요. 그런 여자를 좋아해요.

(Someone who is) sincere. And pretty. I like that kind of girl.

착한 예쁜 여자를 좋아해요. ✕

Kimchi Reader

Enables it to function as a modifying clause for the substantive following it.

Details

Tense	Modifiers
Present (descriptive verb)	(으)ㄴ
Present (action verb)	는
Past (all)	(으)ㄴ
Future (all)	(으)ㄹ