(으)면 ③

Repetitive

Explanation

Used to indicate a habitual and repetitive condition.

Korean Grammar in Use

-(으)면 is used when stating a condition about some repetitive action mentioned later in the sentence. It means 'when' or 'whenever' in English. When the verb stem ends in a vowel or ㄹ, -면 is used, and when it ends in a consonant, 으면 is used.

Details

Information about something that happened in the past cannot come before -(으)면 in a sentence. Furthermore, when an action only occurs once, -(으)ㄹ 때 is used.

어제 영회를 보면 울었어요. ✕
→어제 영화를 볼 때 울었어요. ✓
Yesterday, when I watched a movie, I cried.
동생이 집에 없으면 친구가 왔어요. ✕
→동생이 집에 없을 때 친구가 왔어요. ✓
Yesterday, when my younger brother/sister was not home, my friend came.

When the subjects of the first and second clauses are different, the particle following the subject of the first clause changes from 은/는 to 이/가.

동생은 이야기하면 친구들이 웃어요. ✕
→동생이 이야기하면 친구들이 웃어요. ✓
When my brother tells a story, his friends laugh.
티루엔 씨는 회사에 안 오면 사무실이 조용해요. ✕
→티루엔 씨가 회시에 안 오면 사무실이 조용해요. ✓
When Tiruen does not go to work, the office is quiet.

Examples
남편은 내가 잠들어 <span class='focus'>있으면</span> 깨우지 않으려고 살금살금 걸어 다닌다.
My husband walks around quietly so as not to wake me up when I'm asleep.
비가 오<span class='focus'>면</span> 집에 있어요.
When it rains, I stay home.
친구를 만나<span class='focus'>면</span> 항상 커피를 마셔요.
Whenever I meet my friend, we always drink coffee.

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